Education System in Switzerland
In Switzerland, most children attend public schools, which include Kindergarten, elementary school (Volksschule), secondary school (Gymnasium), and universities (Universitäten). Private schools are expensive, and there is a general perception that private school students may not have succeeded in public schools.
School: Every child in Switzerland must attend elementary school. The education system varies across the different regions (cantons), so the names of schools, subjects, starting age, and duration can differ.
Kindergarten: Children can attend Kindergarten for one or two years.
Volksschule (Elementary School): Elementary school is mandatory for all Swiss children, beginning at age seven and lasting for at least eight to nine years. Children can attend either public or private schools.
Berufslehre (Apprenticeship): After elementary school, most students start an apprenticeship (Berufslehre), which can last two to four years, depending on the profession. Apprenticeships are available in a wide range of fields, including crafts (like mechanics, carpentry, baking, and hairdressing) and office work (like bookkeeping and IT).
Gymnasium (Secondary School): Secondary schools, or Gymnasia, offer various programs with different focuses and major subjects.
Universities (Universitäten): Switzerland has eleven universities, nine managed by cantons and two by the federal government. Canton-run universities typically offer non-technical subjects, while the federal-run universities, known as “Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology,” focus on technical fields.
Swiss higher education is divided into two parts, similar to the U.S. system:
- Bachelor’s degree: Takes three years to complete.
- Master’s degree: Takes one and a half to two years to complete.
After completing a Master’s degree, students can work on a thesis to earn a doctorate, which usually takes three to four years.
Fachhochschulen (Technical Colleges): After completing an apprenticeship, students can pursue an academic career by attending a Fachhochschule (Technical College). These institutions offer a similar education to the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology but with a stronger focus on practical experience, as students typically have completed a four-year apprenticeship. The program lasts three and a half years.